Welcome Guest! To enable all features please Login. New Registrations are disabled.

Notification

Icon
Error

Login


Options
Go to last post Go to first unread
Offline ndtma  
#1 Posted : 27 February 2021 18:48:24(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
A simple example involving a pipe network having 2 loops.
To demonstrate how Hardy-Cross method is applied to find the flow in individual pipe of the network.
Three methods used to illustrate. May be suitable for beginners.
However, this solution can be easily obtained using 'FindRoot' method also, but is not shown in the example.
Cheers.
Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS.sm (288kb) downloaded 422 time(s).
Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS.pdf (1,021kb) downloaded 668 time(s).
Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
thanks 1 user thanked ndtma for this useful post.
on 27/02/2021(UTC)

Wanna join the discussion?! Login to your SMath Studio Forum forum account. New Registrations are disabled.

Offline ndtma  
#2 Posted : 16 March 2021 14:16:17(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
The earlier example was for 2 loops
Attached example is for 3 loops.
Hope will be useful.

Cheers!

Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS_3 LOOPS.sm (551kb) downloaded 146 time(s).
Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS_3 LOOPS-compressed.pdf (648kb) downloaded 211 time(s).
Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
Offline Jean Giraud  
#3 Posted : 16 March 2021 18:19:51(UTC)
Jean Giraud

Rank: Guest

Groups: Registered
Joined: 04/07/2015(UTC)
Posts: 6,868
Canada

Was thanked: 980 time(s) in 808 post(s)
Originally Posted by: ndtma Go to Quoted Post
The earlier example was for 2 loops
Attached example is for 3 loops.
Hope will be useful.

Thanks for that exceptional work, saved in my Instrumentation compendium.
Take care ... Jean
Offline ElSid  
#4 Posted : 16 March 2021 18:22:24(UTC)
ElSid


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/03/2009(UTC)
Posts: 433
Man
United States
Location: USA

Was thanked: 17 time(s) in 15 post(s)
ndtma
Not sure is you can combine this with your previous post from 5 years ago https://en.smath.com/for...pe-Network-Analysis.aspx
That one was one loop, this one has 2 and 3 loops Good
Offline ndtma  
#5 Posted : 18 March 2021 05:23:33(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
Originally Posted by: Jean Giraud Go to Quoted Post
Thanks for that exceptional work, saved in my Instrumentation compendium.
Take care ... Jean


Thank you Jean for your kind words and encouragement.
Take care.
Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
Offline CBG  
#6 Posted : 18 March 2021 20:59:16(UTC)
CBG


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 14/10/2015(UTC)
Posts: 308

Was thanked: 77 time(s) in 58 post(s)
Hello ndtma

I have used Epanet to solve your exercise, by the Hazen Williams method with the following assumptions:

Minimum tank height 66 meters
the roughness of the pipe 120
node height 0 meters
diameter in millimeters
pipe length in meters



Ndtma_ejercicio.png

Best Regards

Carlos
Offline ndtma  
#7 Posted : 19 March 2021 06:54:06(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
Thank you Carlos.
Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
Offline ndtma  
#8 Posted : 26 March 2021 08:49:39(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
I am extremely sorry that in my last example on 3 LOOPS, I have made a careless mistake in Program 2 to calculate the appropriate corrections in the network. The results were wrong.

Furthermore, for simplicity, I assumed a fixed friction factor instead of the method given in the original EXCEL file in the web.

The revised SM and EXCEL files are attached. They both tally. The original EXCEL file had only 5 trials and I extended to 10 trials.

Also, many thanks to Carlos for his example using EPANET which prompted me to check and correct my program.

Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS_3 LOOPS-R2.sm (262kb) downloaded 143 time(s).
Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS_3 LOOPS-R2-compressed.pdf (470kb) downloaded 146 time(s).
hardy cross_3 LOOPS_R2.xlsx (764kb) downloaded 180 time(s).

Edited by user 26 March 2021 09:24:47(UTC)  | Reason: Not specified

Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
Offline ndtma  
#9 Posted : 18 April 2021 16:06:09(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
Hardy Cross method revisited.
The friction factor for turbulent flow is calculated using the Colebrook-White equation.
Due to the implicit nature of this equation, calculation of the friction factor requires an iterative solution via numerical methods. Hence, many explicit approximations have been proposed such as Haaland, Moody, Jain etc. to simplify the calculation process.

The attached sm file shows the iterative method of solving the Colebrook-White equation to calculate ONLY the friction factor ‘f’, for use in the Hardy Cross method. The calculated pipe flows were well within the values obtained in my last example.

Cheers.

Colebrook-White-Numerical Soltion.sm (45kb) downloaded 59 time(s).
Colebrook-White-Numerical Soltion.pdf (177kb) downloaded 62 time(s).

Colebrook-White.png

Edited by user 18 April 2021 16:13:59(UTC)  | Reason: Not specified

Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
thanks 1 user thanked ndtma for this useful post.
on 18/04/2021(UTC)
Offline Jean Giraud  
#10 Posted : 18 April 2021 18:28:52(UTC)
Jean Giraud

Rank: Guest

Groups: Registered
Joined: 04/07/2015(UTC)
Posts: 6,868
Canada

Was thanked: 980 time(s) in 808 post(s)
Thanks for sharing the improved project method.
Take care ... Jean
Offline NotRetiredYet  
#11 Posted : 20 April 2021 02:33:49(UTC)
NotRetiredYet

Rank: Newbie

Groups: Registered
Joined: 30/01/2019(UTC)
Posts: 8
Man
United States

Was thanked: 2 time(s) in 1 post(s)
ndtma...

This is very fine work indeed and much better than doing Hardy-Cross by hand like I had to do a few times in college back in the late 1970s. That 4-loop Hardy-Cross model I had to solve was almost enough to make me want to become a lawyer. Almost. :-) However, I now use EPANET and WATERCAD for my modeling needs and life is good. I also use Hazen-Williams far more often than Darcy-Weisbach/Colebrook-White and life is even better.

You mention above explicit approximations to Colebrook-White. This is a topic that has interested me since I learned of the Blasius Equation in college. Blasius does a decent job approximating the smooth pipe curve on the Moody Diagram, but only over a limited range of Reynolds Numbers. Over the years, I have run across at least two dozen published explicit approximations to CW. I even created my own improvement to Blasius, although it pales in comparison to some of the others.

Back in 2014, I published on the PTC website two Mathcad Prime 3.0 worksheets that evaluated these explicit approximations for accuracy and relative calculation speed. For accuracy, I used CW as the basis, even though it is itself empirical and includes an empirical friction factor. Computers are so fast now that relative calculation speed is not as relevant as it was when I started my career in 1980. However, it matters for calculator programs. I used an HP-41CX and it's built in time functions to measure and compare calculation speeds.

One MCP worksheet is for hydraulically smooth pipe (the equations simplify) and the other is for hydraulically rough pipe (the usual case). Y'all can find these worksheets here: https://community.ptc.co...actors-v2-zip/m-p/450068 . Don't worry if you don't have Mathcad Prime 3.0 or later. The .zip file contains Acrobat .pdf files for your reading pleasure. And, please excuse the funky page formatting near the end of each worksheet. These are big files and I had pushed MCP3 to its limits.

Fred

Edited by user 24 April 2021 00:44:55(UTC)  | Reason: Not specified

Offline ndtma  
#12 Posted : 20 April 2021 08:38:10(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
Originally Posted by: NotRetiredYet Go to Quoted Post
This is very fine work indeed and much better than doing Hardy-Cross by hand like I had to do a few times in college back in the late 1970s. That 4-loop Hardy-Cross model I had to solve was almost enough to make me want to become a lawyer. Almost. :-) However, I now use EPANET and WATERCAD for my modeling needs and life is good. I also use Hazen-Williams far more often than Darcy-Weisbach/Colebrook-White and life is even better.


Thank you. Your explanation is welcome.

I don't have any experience in EPANET and WATERCAD.
My aim was to demonstrate basics of Hardy Cross method using SMath and and the importance of
the Vectorize function when dealing with nested matrices.

Stay safe. Take care.

Cheers.
Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
Offline Jean Giraud  
#13 Posted : 21 April 2021 01:59:22(UTC)
Jean Giraud

Rank: Guest

Groups: Registered
Joined: 04/07/2015(UTC)
Posts: 6,868
Canada

Was thanked: 980 time(s) in 808 post(s)
Originally Posted by: NotRetiredYet Go to Quoted Post
You mention above explicit approximations to Colebrook-White. This is a topic that has interested me since I learned of the Blasius Equation in college. Blasius does a decent job approximating the smooth pipe curve on the Moody Diagram, but only over a limited range of Reynolds Numbers. Over the years, I have run across at least two dozen published explicit approximations to CW. I even created my own improvement to Blasius, although it pales in comparison to some of the others.

In my Engineering times, before 1990, the Bible was Moody from standards.
There is nothing to explicit CW, it solves on the running Reynolds,
and for a family of diameters, just like in the Bible diagram.
Smath attached is 1/1 Mathcad 8 Pro [2000].
Cheers ... Jean

Inst_Colebrook MOODY.sm (17kb) downloaded 53 time(s).

Offline Valentino  
#14 Posted : 15 September 2021 04:28:04(UTC)
Valentino


Rank: Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 13/11/2020(UTC)
Posts: 28
Man
Mexico

Was thanked: 7 time(s) in 3 post(s)
Originally Posted by: ndtma Go to Quoted Post
I am extremely sorry that in my last example on 3 LOOPS, I have made a careless mistake in Program 2 to calculate the appropriate corrections in the network. The results were wrong.

Furthermore, for simplicity, I assumed a fixed friction factor instead of the method given in the original EXCEL file in the web.

The revised SM and EXCEL files are attached. They both tally. The original EXCEL file had only 5 trials and I extended to 10 trials.

Also, many thanks to Carlos for his example using EPANET which prompted me to check and correct my program.

Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS_3 LOOPS-R2.sm (262kb) downloaded 143 time(s).
Pipe_Network_EX_HARDY_CROSS_3 LOOPS-R2-compressed.pdf (470kb) downloaded 146 time(s).
hardy cross_3 LOOPS_R2.xlsx (764kb) downloaded 180 time(s).


Hello, I am very happy to read your publication, thank you for generating these documents. I want to download your files, however, they do not allow me access, please upload them again. Thank you very much, greetings from Mexico.
Offline Davide Carpi  
#15 Posted : 15 September 2021 15:33:59(UTC)
Davide Carpi


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered, Advanced Member
Joined: 13/01/2012(UTC)
Posts: 2,639
Man
Italy
Location: Italy

Was thanked: 1323 time(s) in 873 post(s)
Originally Posted by: Valentino Go to Quoted Post
I want to download your files, however, they do not allow me access, please upload them again. Thank you very much, greetings from Mexico.


Just click the links you quoted. Attached files are hosted within this website, so there's no expiration. Also check if there is some policy that restrict downloads on your system.
If you like my plugins consider to support SMath Studio buying a plan; to offer me a coffee: paypal.me/dcprojects
Offline ndtma  
#16 Posted : 15 September 2021 18:13:37(UTC)
ndtma


Rank: Advanced Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 05/06/2014(UTC)
Posts: 348
Man
Sri Lanka
Location: Colombo

Was thanked: 124 time(s) in 82 post(s)
Originally Posted by: Valentino Go to Quoted Post

Hello, I am very happy to read your publication, thank you for generating these documents. I want to download your files, however, they do not allow me access, please upload them again. Thank you very much, greetings from Mexico.


Hello Valentino,

Were you able to download the files in my post as suggested by Davide?
I am sorry for the late reply.
Look within!... The secret is inside you.
Best Regards
Eng. NDTM Amarasekera - Sri Lanka
thanks 1 user thanked ndtma for this useful post.
on 02/10/2021(UTC)
Offline Ricardo Herrera  
#17 Posted : 28 September 2021 05:15:27(UTC)
Ricardo Herrera

Rank: Newbie

Groups: Registered
Joined: 04/08/2020(UTC)
Posts: 8
Peru
Location: RicardoH

Was thanked: 1 time(s) in 1 post(s)
Thank you very much for sharing your knowledge.
Offline Valentino  
#18 Posted : 02 October 2021 03:58:10(UTC)
Valentino


Rank: Member

Groups: Registered
Joined: 13/11/2020(UTC)
Posts: 28
Man
Mexico

Was thanked: 7 time(s) in 3 post(s)
Originally Posted by: ndtma Go to Quoted Post
Originally Posted by: Valentino Go to Quoted Post

Hello, I am very happy to read your publication, thank you for generating these documents. I want to download your files, however, they do not allow me access, please upload them again. Thank you very much, greetings from Mexico.


Hello Valentino,

Were you able to download the files in my post as suggested by Davide?
I am sorry for the late reply.


Thank you all very much, now if I can download them, I do not know why there are files that do not allow me to download them in certain blogs.

Now I can see the document Thank you very much
Users browsing this topic
Forum Jump  
You cannot post new topics in this forum.
You cannot reply to topics in this forum.
You cannot delete your posts in this forum.
You cannot edit your posts in this forum.
You cannot create polls in this forum.
You cannot vote in polls in this forum.